How To Keep Ice Dams From forming On Your Roof And Gutters 

An ice dam is a ridge of ice that can form over rain gutters and build up along the eaves of your roof. Ice dams are caused when snow or ice starts to melt in one area of your roof, only to refreeze in another spot. This creates the dam, where water can get trapped and lead to problems with the gutters, shingles, insulation and even interior finishes within your home. 
Here is how an ice dam forms:
Heat collected in the attic warms the roof and causes snow and ice to melt
Melting water flows to cold roof eaves, where it refreezes
The frozen eaves now block melting snow from reaching gutters, creating a build-up of moisture

Ice Dam Dos And Don’ts
Do check your insulation.
Proper insulation and ventilation in the attic can help keep heat from escaping through the roof. Check eave vents to ensure baffles are not blocked. Seal and insulate vent pipes, ductwork and other penetration points in the attic to keep warm air inside.
Don’t ignore trees that hang over the roof.
Leaves from unpruned trees may clog gutters or slow drainage.
Do take a picture.
If you can take one safety, like without climbing a ladder, a picture of the buildup around your ice dam may be useful when you are checking for interior leaks.
Don’t climb up and try to break the ice by hand.
You may damage your roof or yourself in the process.  If you are able to take action right after the storm, you may be able to safely get the snow off the roof from the ground.
Ice Dam Remedies 
Heat cables installed by a licensed professional along areas susceptible to ice dams, including gutters and downspouts, can prevent ice buildup.
Continuous soffit or ridge vent systems installed at lower part of the roof can create space for ventilation between insulation and sheathing and keep baffles from becoming blocked.
Rubberized membrane under shingles installed from lower edge of roof to at least 2 feet past the eaves and inside the exterior wall can prevent water and ice from entering. 


How Much R-Value For Your Attic?
Insulation is rated according to how resistant it is to heat, or R-value.  The higher the R-value, the greater the resistance. The U.S. Department of energy recommends at least R-49 insulation for the coldest climates. To find out how much you need, consult in insulation contractor.

For more tips on helping prevent winter hazards and understanding your home coverage options, talk to your Farmers agent.