Make a fire safety plan with designated escape routes and a meeting place outside.
Keep an escape ladder on the second floor.
Use a photoelectric smoke detector in the kitchen, positioned 3 feet from the entrance.  
Keep a Class K fire extinguisher within 30 inches of the stove. 
Locate wall-mounted alarms between 4 and 12 inches from the ceiling. 
Avoid installing alarms in dead spaces where air doesn’t circulate, like where a wall and ceiling meet.