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\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\f4\cgrid \sbasedon0 \snext18 footer;}{\*\cs19 \additive \sbasedon10 page number;}}{\info{\title Reporting the Depression }{\author Douglas E. Miller}{\operator Douglas E. Miller}{\creatim\yr1904\mo1\dy16\hr2\min45}
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\par }\pard\plain \widctlpar\adjustright \loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\f4\cgrid {\fs20 \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 D\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 em/848-7.9/\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 June 20,\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  2000}{\fs20 
\par }\pard\plain \s18\widctlpar\tqc\tx4320\tqr\tx8640\adjustright \loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\f4\cgrid {
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc\widctlpar\adjustright \loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\f4\cgrid {\b\fs28 \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Reporting 
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 the Depression}{\cs16\b\fs28\super \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\widctlpar\adjustright \fs20\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\f4\cgrid {\cs16\super \chftn }{\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
Richard Lowitt and Maurine Beasley eds. }{\ul \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 One Third of a Nation: Lorena Hickok Reports on The Great Depression}{\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 . (Urbana, IL: University of Illino\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
is Press, 1981), pp. 364-5.}}}{\fs28 
\par }\pard \widctlpar\adjustright {\fs20 
\par }\pard \qj\li540\ri540\widctlpar\adjustright {\tab \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Franklin Roosevelt gave \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Harry Hopkins \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 an impossible job in 1933. \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 The President's
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 New Deal administrator \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 was supposed to find ways of feeding over 4 million families \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 who\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  couldn't find 
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 assistance\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 in\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  their State\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  or local communities\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 . \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Hopkins
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 had to\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 find and distribute food\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 to those\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 who really deserved \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 help. \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 If that task was not enough, he was also supposed to find jobs \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 f\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 or those who could work
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 .\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Most remember him for his \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 later \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 accomplishments\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 administrating
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  the \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Works Projects Administration \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 (\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 WPA\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 )\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Few remember 
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 that his first attempts to combat hunger and lack of\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 jobs\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 was \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 through
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  the Federal E\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 mergency Relief \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Administration\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  (FERA).\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  
\par 
\par \tab \tab \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 His main problem was to get \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 trustworthy \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 reports \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 on\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  how well \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
relief programs were managed.\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  To his great fortune, \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 a hard-boiled \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 individualistic\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
 woman named Lorena Hickok appeared on the scene. She was the first woman hir\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 ed by the Associated Press and a devoted friend of Eleanor Roosevelt. \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 That friendship \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 had begun
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 when Lorena covered\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 the first lady during the \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 election \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 campaign. When H
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 opkins asked the unorthodox and sometimes irreverent \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 newspaperwoman\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  to travel the country and write the truth about what she saw, he found the \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
ideal \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 person\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 .\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Her reports were some of the best \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 of\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
 the Depression. What follows is her summary \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 sent to Hopk\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 ins o\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 n \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 January\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  1, 1935. She had traveled 
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 for three years \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 through 32 states ferreting out local officials and interviewing hundreds\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  of others\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
. In this section she was trying to shed light on an age-old question that has since stumped historians. Why wasn't there a revolu\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 tion during the Depression? Here is part of what she wrote\loch\af0\dbch\af4\hich\f0 \u8230\'c9

\par }\pard \li540\ri540\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs20 
\par }\pard \qc\widctlpar\adjustright {\b\fs28 \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Report Summary
\par }{\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 [\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Washington, D.C.  January 1, 1935]
\par }{\fs20 
\par }\pard \widctlpar\adjustright {\tab \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Only\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  among the young is there evidence of revolt, apparently. These young people are growing restive. Out of some 15 weekly re\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
ports from industrial centers all over the country, hardly one omit\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
ted a paragraph pointing out that these young people may not tolerate much longer a condition that prevents them from starting normal, active, self-respecting lives, that will not let them marry and raise families, that condemns them to idleness and want.
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
At present there is not leadership among them. College men are shoveling sand, checking freight cars, working in filling stations. High school graduates are offering themselves to industry "for nothing, just experience' \emdash 
 and are being accepted. Boys who \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 n\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
ormally would be apprentices in the trades are tramping the pavements, riding the freights back and forth across the country, hanging about on street corners. One day in November a 21-year-old boy in \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Baltimore
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  walked 20 miles, looking for work. "I just \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 stopped\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
 at every place," he said, "but mostly they wouldn't even talk to me." * * * "There's going to be trouble as sure as you're sitting there," predicts the junior placement 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 director in the New York State Employment Service. "There are no leaders in the grou\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 p between 17 and 20, but thes\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 e kids would gladly follow a lead\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
er of the next age level."        \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 * \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 * *\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  "There seems too be a general acceptance," wrote a FERA investigator from \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Homestead,
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  PA\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 .\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  "of the fact that leadership will develop among the educated y\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 oung people who are \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 mingling
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  on the only jobs they can bet with \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 embittered\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
 unskilled laborers and absorbing their point of view." * * * Here are remarks from several young people to a FERA investigator in Providence, \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 RI\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  : A 20-year-old boy: "Why the He
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 ll should I get up in the morning lady? What am I going to do with all these days? I've been looking for a job for four years. I've had \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 two\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 . Five \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
months I've worked, in all. Aft\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 er a while you just know it ain't getting you anywhere. There's nothing for us!\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 " \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Another boy: "I'd steal if I \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 had 
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 the\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  guts." A pretty 21-year-old girl: \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 "I'm young. It seems to me I got a right to something, if it's only one new dress a year." " 19-yea\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
r-old boy: "It's funny. A lot of times I get offered a drink. It seems \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 like\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  people don't want to drink alone. But no one ever offers me a meal. Most of the time when I take a drink it makes me sick. 
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 My\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  stomach's too empty." This, from \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Wilmington\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 , DE: "The \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
worst that will come out of the depression is the breaking down in the morale of present day youth. Those maturing in the lean years. The schools, it seems, have not tempered their bright promise to the facts of the times. These youngsters come out feelin
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 g\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  that the world is still easy, for them \emdash 
 that it's their elders who are the weak sisters. Soon they lose confidence. Then all sense of responsibility or respect for anyone. By the time work eventually turns up, they won't be able to hold a job. They have\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  
\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 no experience and no chance of \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 getting\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
 any. Their juniors will be first choice in a short time, and our present day crop will constitute a lost generation, sold out by a depression they didn't make." 
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 With the comment that the case worker \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 who\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  gave it to h\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 im believed it \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 expressed\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 
 the feeling of many of her younger \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 clients\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 , a FERA investigator a few weeks ago sent in this poem from a town in Ohio. \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 It was written by an 18-year-old boy.
\par 
\par }\pard \qc\widctlpar\adjustright {\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Prayer of Bitter Men
\par }\pard \li2160\ri1440\widctlpar\adjustright {\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 We are the men who ride the swaying freights,
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 We ar\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 e the men whom Life has beaten down,
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Leaving for Death nought but the final pain
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Of degradation. Men who stand in line
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 An hour for a bowl of watered soup,
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Grudgingly given, savagely received.
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 We are the \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Ishmaels\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 ,\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0  outcasts of the earth,
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Who shrink before th\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 e sordidness of Life
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 And cringe before the filthiness of Death.
\par 
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Will there not come a great, a glittering Man,
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 A radiant leader with a heavier sword
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 To crush to earth the enemies who crush
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Those who seek food and freedom on the roads?
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 We care not if Thy f\hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 lag be white or red
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Come, ruthless Savior, messenger of God,
\par \hich\af0\dbch\af4\loch\f0 Lenin or Christ, we follow Thy bright sword.
\par 
\par }\pard \widctlpar\adjustright {
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par }}