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page number;}}{\info{\title Introduction}{\author Douglas E. Miller}{\operator Douglas E. Miller}{\creatim\yr1904\mo1\dy16\hr2\min44}{\revtim\yr1904\mo1\dy16\hr2\min44}{\printim\yr2000\mo1\dy21\hr11\min39}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages3}{\nofwords828}
{\nofchars4724}{\*\company Claymation}{\nofcharsws5801}{\vern115}}\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\formshade\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot \fet0\sectd \linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl {\header \pard\plain \s17\widctlpar
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{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc\widctlpar\adjustright \loch\af5\hich\af5\dbch\f4\cgrid {\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 Introduction
\par \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 Richard Lowitt and Baurine Beasley}{\ul \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 , \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  One Third of a Nation}{\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 .\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  }{\cf6 \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 Lorena Hickok

\par }\pard \widctlpar\adjustright {\cf6 
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 I \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 Harry Hopkins\emdash \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 difficult assignment
\par \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 A.\tab Fed. Relief administrator in charge of $500 million annually.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 T\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
ook on Surplus Relief Corp. (Surplus food to the needy)
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab Then CWA (Create jobs to give wages to workers)
\par }\pard \fi-2160\li2160\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\cf6 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
Based on work rather than social worker's evaluation.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 3.\tab Then WPA\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
. Eliminated social worker and connotation of being on relief.
\par \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 B.\tab Overwhelming assignment. 4 million families destitute. 
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab Most chosen to help were from the States and local agengie\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 s and most were women.
\par }\pard \fi-2160\li2160\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab 
Probed into lives; faced facts of poverty and became hardened but not calloused.
\par }{\cf6 \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab Under CWA, however, 4 million put to work.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 3.\tab Also: Under FERA gave funds to states for transient relief. January }{\cf6 
\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1933 there were 1,500\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 ,000 homeless.
\par }{\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab Not all on the road. Some taken care of by CCC.
\par }{\cf6 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 b.\tab As it was, 300,000 received help.
\par }\pard \fi-2160\li2160\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 c.\tab 
Other unchartered waters. Provide food in a soup kitchen, a night in jail, and encouragement to move on.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 4.\tab All this made him harrie\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 d and harassed Harry.
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab He needed to have good information. He was drowning in statistical data.
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 b.\tab He gained little insight of the human dimension.
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 II. Hence Lorena A. Hickok
\par \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 A.\tab Experienced newspaper woman and a friend of E. Roosevelt.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
Job. Travel over the worst areas of the country and to report fully and frankly on conditions with unvarnished truth.\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2,\tab Between '33 and '36\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  traveled everywhere but NW 
\par }\pard \fi-720\li720\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 B .\tab Gave him what he needed. Esp. role of women and \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
Communists and their influence on the unemployed.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab 
Unearthed problems with Black and Hispanic. They did better on relief than employed. Whites not only lost jobs but status.
\par \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 C.\tab Came at the right time.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab New Deal was getting under way and FERA was\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  focused on the unemployed.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab Grappled with the worst of the Depression.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 3.\tab Also influenced 1935 when New D\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 e\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 al went from Relief to Work.
\par 
\par 
\par 
\par \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 III. Lorena: Product of "the Golden Age of Individualism."
\par \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 A.\tab Still farmers and pioneers when she was born in \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1893. "We can go as far as our ability and determination will take us."
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab Whipped by her father, (traveling buttermaker), told to leave upon her mother's death. (She was 14), she began as: Hired girl (nine families in 2 years) then her mother's cousin \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
in Battle Creek, MI.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab Flunked out of Sara Lawrence, took job as cub reporter on Milwaukee Sentinel determined to follow footsteps of Edna Ferber.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 3.\tab Provoked ire of Schlitz family and moved to Minneapolis Tribute in 1917. Wanted to join Women's Lea\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
gue of Death (Tangled maze of fighters in Russian Revolution). Fired from NY Tribune and resorted to police work\emdash rescuing damsels from amorous sailors and soldiers. Couldn't get to Russia.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 4.\tab Tried U. of Minnesota but wouldn't live in a Dorm. Then succe\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 ss with Tom Dilli\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 an on M. Tribune. He taught her\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
 newpaper business and how to drink. 
\par }\pard \fi-2160\li2160\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab 
Interviewed Knute Rockne and Red Grange. Wrote about Wilson and circus performers. 
\par \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 B.\tab Diabetes in 1926. Hence to SF for a year.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab To NY and Daily Mirror. F\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
irst woman hired by Associated Press.\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  Hard-boiled interviewer.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab Covered Lindbergh baby kidnapping story. (Crawled through the snow to see if the baby had been returned)
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 3.\tab But then assigned to Eleanor in fall of 1932. Traveling\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  with her during the campaign, developed friendship. (From shy and cool to confidante)}{\cs16\super \chftn {\footnote 
\pard\plain \s15\widctlpar\adjustright \fs20\loch\af5\hich\af5\dbch\f4\cgrid {\cs16\super \chftn }{\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 Lorena A. Hickok, Reluctant First Lady  (New York, 1962), 7-11.}}}{
\par }\pard \fi-720\li720\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 C.\tab AP articles introduc\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 ed Eleanor to public. High point: 
\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 First reporter with \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 o\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 n-the-record interview with a first lady in the Whit\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 e House.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab 
Violated press standards by clearing all stories with ER or Louis Howe. Held a story at ER's request. Had pay slashed.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab Arranged with ER to hold "women-only" press conferences. Encouraged by ER, LH quits.
\par }\pard \fi-2070\li2070\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab Takes job with Hopkins \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
as chief investigator. Took vacation \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 together w/o secret service.\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 3.\tab Wrote detailed but irreverent reports. FDR likes them.
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab Got "Bluette" with ER's help, traveled from 1933 to \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 19\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 36 through 32 states. Typed mini-essays on the Depression.
\par }\pard \fi-720\li720\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 D.\tab Could\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
 analyze a community within hours of arriving in a Community.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab 
She proved invaluable. Hopkins found a bridge between the gap of Washington and local relief programs.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab True of \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 mid-west\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  and crucial period of unrest. \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 Drought, dust storms, and grassh\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
oppers. Opponents had attacked Hopkin's efforts in helping agriculture.
\par }\pard \fi-2160\li2160\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab 
She knew the people and the territory and said the Communists were taking advantage of the situation.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 3.\tab Prejudice against some Indians and Mexicans. Wrote that Mexicans wou
\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 ld be "perfectly contented" to stay on relief for the "rest of their lives." Theorized it was the Indian in them. But didn't treat individuals that way in her reports.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 4.\tab Minimized her relationship with Washington. Refused publicity, no interviews. Led \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
to ER's efforts to help miners in WV in fall of 1933. Resettlement didn't succeed but helped establish ER as a humanitarian.
\par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 a.\tab ER praised LH's reports to bolster ego. (She didn't have a byline)
\par \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 E\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 .\tab Left in 1936 and depended on ER for assistance.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 .\tab Publicist for World Fair from '37 to '40.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab Ex. Dir. \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 O\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 f \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 DNC from '40 to '45.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 3.\tab Lived at White House during WWII.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 4.\tab Last employed with NY D\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 em. State Committee.\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  '47 to \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 52
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 5.\tab Resident of Hyde Park thereafter.\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  Diabetes caused partial blindness\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 . \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 C\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 o-
\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 authored \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 w\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 ith ER\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  "Ladies of Courage" 1954.
\par }\pard \fi-720\li720\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tqr\tx1260\tx1440\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 F.\tab In sum\emdash 
Gave human face to depression. Could sniff out a story and make it touch our hearts.
\par }\pard \fi-1440\li1440\widctlpar\tqr\tx540\tx720\tqr\tx1260\tqr\tx1980\tx2160\tqr\tx2700\tx2880\tqr\tx3420\tx3600\adjustright {\tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 1.\tab 
Did lament the loss of individualism. Thought that if she had been let loose at 14\hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5  she would \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 
have encounted social workers, psychiatrists, and juvenile court which would have made her a good house servant.
\par \tab \tab \tab \hich\af5\dbch\af4\loch\f5 2.\tab Died in 1968.}{
\par }}